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• Ball, S. & Morris, R. (2015, 2nd edn) Britain's Hoverflies. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Campoy, A., Pérez-Bańón, C., Nielsen, T.R., & Rojo, S. (2017) "Micromorphology of egg and larva of Eristalis fratercula, with an updated key of Eristalis species with known third instar larvae (Diptera: Syrphidae)." Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 57: 215-227.
• Coe, R.L. (1953) Diptera: Syrphidae. Royal Entomological Society of London Handbook 10(1).
• Egger, J. (1858) "Dipterologische Beiträge." Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 8: 701-716.
• Fabricius, J.C. (1794) Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta : Secundun classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom. IV. Hafniae: C.G. Proft.
• Fabricius, J.C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, describtionibus. Brunsvigae: Carolum Reichard.
• Fallén, C.F. (1814-26) Diptera Sveciae Lundae: Litteris Berlingianis.
• Harris, M. (1782) An Exposition of English Insects Including the Several Classes of Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, & Diptera, or Bees, Flies, & Libellulae. London: Robson.
• Hippa, H., Nielsen, T.R., & Steenis, J. (2001) "The West Palaearctic species of the genus Eristalis Latreille (Diptera, Syrphidae)." Norwegian Journal of Entomology 48: 289-327.
• Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Tomus I. Regnum Animale. Holmiae: L. Salvii
• Loew, H. (1846) "Helophilus." Entomologische Zeitung Stettin 7: 116-127, 141-150, 164-169.
• Poda, N. (1761) Insecta Musei Graecensis. Graecii: Widmanstadii.
• Rotheray, G.E. (1993) Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae. Dipterists Digest No 9.
• Scopoli, J.A. (1763) Entomologia Carniolica exhibens insecta Carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates : methodo Linnaeana. Vindobonae: I.T. Trattner
• Speight, M.C.D. (2014) "Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera)." Syrph the Net: the Database of European Syrphidae (Diptera) 78: 1-314.
• Speight, M.C.D. & Sarthou, J.P. (2014) "StN keys for the identification of the European species of various genera of Syrphidae (Diptera)." Syrph the Net: the Database of European Syrphidae (Diptera) 80: 1-129.
• Stubbs, A. & Drake, M. (2002) British Hoverflies. Dorchester: Dorset Press.
• Van Veen, M.P. (2010, 2nd edn) Hoverflies of Northwest Europe. Identification Keys to the Syrphidae. Zeist: KNNV Publishing.
• Verlinden, L. (1994) Faune de Belgique. Syrphides (Syrphidae). Bruxelles: Institut royal des Sciences naturelles.
• Verrall, G.H. (1901) British Flies. VIII. Platypezidae, Pipunculidae, and Syrphidae. London: Gurney & Jackson.

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