Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 40-80cm
Perennial
Hermaphrodite, Flowering July - September
(Earliest: 9.6)
| Biotopes: |
Meadows | |||
| Flower Visitors: |
Many Apidae |
Thymelicus sylvestris |
Macroglossum stellatarum |
Several Syrphidae |
Several Tachinidae |
Meromyza femorata |
Haematobosca stimulans |
Fannia similis | |
Saltella sphondylii |
Dasytes niger |
Astylogethes corvinus | ||
Rhagonycha fulva | ||||
| Parasites: |
Ramularia keithii |
Liriomyza bryoniae |
Lixus pulverulentus Larva (Stem Borer) |
Aspidapion aeneum Larva (Stem Borer) |
| Herbivores: |
Columba palumbus |
Vanessa cardui |
Cnephasia asseclana |
Cnephasia stephensiana |
Euplexia lucipara Larva |
Larentia clavaria Larva |
Podagrica fuscicornis |
Lixus pulverulentus | |
| Sapivores: |
Aphis fabae |
Aulacorthum solani |
Closterotomus norwegicus |
Lygus rugulipennis |
Eupteryx atropunctata | ||||
| Granivores: |
Columba palumbus |
Passer domesticus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
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