Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 15-90cm
Perennial
Hermaphrodite, Flowering July - October
(Earliest: 18.6)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monoterpenoids | Germacrene, Limonene, Myrcene, Pinene, Sabinene | ||||
| Diterpenoids | Clerodane | ||||
| Triterpenoids | Saponins | ||||
| Flavonoids | Cyanidin, Kaempferol, Rutin | ||||
| Other Phenolics | Tannins | ||||
| Acids | Solidagoic | ||||
| Polyacetylenes | Lachnophyllum Lactone, Matricaria Ester | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Spruce Forest Edge |
Heath and Moorland | ||
| Parasites: |
Septoria virgaureae |
Cornutrypeta spinifrons (Leaf Miner) |
Liriomyza eupatorii | |
| Possible Parasites: |
Liriomyza strigata | |||
| Herbivores: |
Several Geometridae |
Lacanobia oleracea |
Phragmatobia fuliginosa Larva |
Anania fuscalis Larva |
Clepsis senecionana Larva |
Several Tenthredinidae Larvae | |||
| Possible Herbivores: |
Cnephasia asseclana |
Cnephasia stephensiana |
Acronicta rumicis Larva | |
| Sapivores: |
Lygus wagneri | |||
| Possible Sapivores: |
Aulacorthum solani | |||
| Florivores: |
Many Geometridae |
Cnephasia incertana |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Goldenrod
Pictures © 2003, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
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