Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 20-60cm
Occasionally Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Annual, Persistent Seed Bank
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - October
(Earliest: 30.5)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sesquiterpenoids | Sonchuside | ||||
| Flavonoids | Icariside, Sonchuionoside | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Meadows |
Gardens | ||
| Microhabitat: |
Bare Ground | |||
| Flower Visitors: |
Bombus bohemicus |
Several Syrphidae |
Siphona cristata |
Myopa.occulta |
| Seed Dispersal: | Wind | |||
| Parasites: |
Ascochyta sonchi |
Golovinomyces cichoracearum |
Scrobipalpa acuminatella Larva (Leaf Miner) |
Several Agromyzidae |
Cystiphora sonchi |
Ensina sonchi Larva (Flower Gall) | |||
| Possible Parasites: |
Ophiomyia pulicaria Larva (Leaf Miner) | |||
| Possible Herbivores: |
Several Tortricidae Larva |
Naenia typica Larva |
Agonopterix arenella Larva |
Cassida rubiginosa |
| Sapivores: |
Several Aphididae |
Closterotomus norwegicus | ||
| Possible Sapivores: |
Aulacorthum solani | |||
| Possible Granivores: |
Stictopleurus punctatonervosus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Prickly Sow-thistle
Pictures © 2003, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
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