Plant 
Flower |
Leaf 
Fruit |
|
Plant
Flower |
Leaf
Fruit |
Height: 30-100cm
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Perennial, Stoloniferous, Persistent Seed Bank
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - August
(Earliest: 4.6)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iridoids | Acetylharpagide, Harpagide, Harpagoside | ||||
| Monoterpenoids | Carene | ||||
| Sesquiterpenoids | Bicyclogermacrene, Cadinene, Caryophyllene, Copaene,
Farnesene, Germacrene, Humulene, Spathulenol | ||||
| Flavonoids | Hyperoside | ||||
| Alkanes | Tetracosane | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Hedge Rows |
Spruce Forest Edge | ||
| Flower Visitors: |
Several Apidae |
Thymelicus sylvestris |
Autographa gamma |
Several Syrphidae |
Dasytes niger | ||||
| Seed Dispersal: | Wind | |||
| Parasites: |
Neoerysiphe galeopsidis |
Septoria stachydis |
Amauromyza labiatarum |
Liriomyza strigata |
Apteropeda orbiculata Larva (Leaf Miner) | ||||
| Herbivores: |
Arctia caja |
Diaphora mendica |
Cnephasia incertana |
Cnephasia stephensiana |
Autographa pulchrina |
Pseudopanthera macularia |
Cassida viridis | ||
| Possible Herbivores: |
Several Crambidae |
Several Tortricidae |
Tenthredo mesomela Larva | |
| Sapivores: |
Several Miridae |
Aulacorthum solani | ||
| Possible Sapivores: |
Calocoris alpestris |
Lygus pratensis |
Tingis pilosa |
Evacanthus acuminatus |
| Florivores: |
Lamiogethes brunnicornis Larva | |||
| Granivores: |
Orthonotus rufifrons |
Tritomegas bicolor Nymph | ||
| Possible Granivores: |
Grypocoris sexguttatus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Hedge Woundwort
Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
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