Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 40-160cm
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Perennial, Stoloniferous
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - August
(Earliest: 5.6)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alkaloids | Actinidine, Chatinine, Valerianine, Valerine | ||||
| Monoterpenoids | Borneol, Pinene | ||||
| Flavonoids | Linarin | ||||
| Iridoids | Valtrate | ||||
| Acids | Acetic, Formic, Valeric | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Wet Meadows | Flower Visitors: |
Several Apidae |
Tenthredo notha |
Several Nymphalidae |
Thymelicus lineola |
Thymelicus sylvestris |
Pieris napi |
Callimorpha dominula |
Many Syrphidae | |
Morellia aenescens |
Phaonia angelicae |
Empis tessellata |
Coenomyia ferruginea | |
Conops flavipes |
Cylindromyia brassicaria |
Paracorymbia maculicornis |
Stenurella melanura | |
Rhagonycha fulva | ||||
| Parasites: |
Ramularia valerianae |
Peronospora valerianae |
Chromatomyia horticola |
Liriomyza strigata |
Agapanthia cardui Larva (Stem Borer) | ||||
| Herbivores: |
Melitaea diamina Larva |
Scopula immutata Larva |
Macrophya albicincta | |
| Possible Herbivores: |
Cnephasia asseclana | |||
| Sapivores: |
Several Aphididae |
Lygus wagneri | ||
| Possible Sapivores: |
Aulacorthum solani |
Evacanthus acuminatus | ||
| Florivores: |
Eupithecia satyrata | |||
| Possible Florivores: |
Eupithecia subumbrata Larva | |||
| Granivores: |
Dolycoris baccarum |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Valerian
Pictures © 2003, 2005, 2008 J.K. Lindsey
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