Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Height: 30-200cm
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Biennial, Rhizomatous, Persistent Seed Bank
Hermaphrodite, Flowering July - October
(Earliest: 10.7)
| Biotopes: |
Meadows | |||
| Parasites: |
Ramularia variabilis |
Several Agromyzidae |
Gortyna flavago Larva (Stem Borer) | |
| Herbivores: |
Paratalanta hyalinalis Larva |
Pachyprotasis rapae Larva |
Tenthredo bifasciata Larva |
Cionus |
Longitarsus nigrofasciatus | ||||
| Sapivores: |
Several Miridae |
Several Pentatomidae |
Eupteryx atropunctata | |
| Granivores: |
Liocoris tripustulatus |
Dolycoris baccarum |
Liorhyssus hyalinus |
Rhopalus parumpunctatus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Pictures © 2003, 2021 J.K. Lindsey
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