Tree
Bark |
Leaves |
Male Flowers |
Female Flower |
Fruit
|
Bark |
Leaves |
|
Male Flowers |
Female Flower |
Height: <4 m, Age: <30 yr
Ectomycorrhizal
Lacks Persistent Seed Bank
Monoecious, Flowering February - April
(Earliest: 8.1)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flavonoids | Kaempferol, Myricetin, Quercetin | ||||
| Other Phenolics | Caffeoylquinic, Caffeoyltartaric, Caftaric, Chicoric, Coumaric,
Coumaroyltartaric, Ferulic, Gallic, Gentisic, & Sinapic Acids, Tannins | ||||
| Other Acids | Carboxylic, Quinic | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Hedge Rows | |||
| Pollination: | Wind | |||
| Flower Visitors: |
Apis mellifera | |||
| Seed Dispersal: |
Nucifraga caryocatactes |
Garrulus glandarius | ||
| Mycorrhizae: |
Hydnum repandum |
Phallus impudicus |
Several Amanitaceae |
Many Cortinariaceae |
Several Hymenogastraceae |
Many Inocybaceae |
Several Tricholomataceae |
Hygrophorus chrysodon | |
Many Boletaceae |
Several Russulaceae | |||
| Parasites: |
Asteroma coryli |
Phyllosticta coryli |
Piggotia coryli |
Phellinus igniarius |
Aurantiporus fissilis |
Cerrena unicolor |
Incurvaria masculella Larva (Leaf Miner) |
Incurvaria pectinea | |
Coleophora currucipennella Larva |
Coleophora serratella |
Phyllonorycter coryli |
Phyllonorycter nicellii | |
Stigmella microtheriella |
Gypsonoma dealbana |
Trachys minutus |
Saperda populnea Larva (Branch Gall) | |
Tachyerges stigma Larva (Leaf Miner) |
Byctiscus betulae Larva |
Deporaus betulae | ||
| Herbivores: | Bonasa bonasia |
Polygonia c-album Larva |
Many Geometridae |
Several Lasiocampidae |
Many Noctuidae |
Several Notodontidae |
Saturniidae |
Many Tortricidae | |
Calliteara pudibunda |
Orgyia antiqua |
Drepana curvatula Larva |
Ochropacha duplaris | |
Diurnea fagella |
Endromis versicolora Larva |
Parornix devoniella |
Pseudoips prasinana | |
Ypsolopha parenthesella Larva |
Endotricha flammealis Larva |
Hypatima rhomboidella Larva |
Mimas tiliae Larva | |
Agrotera nemoralis Larva |
Many Tenthredinidae |
Many Chrysomelidae |
Many Curculionidae | |
Cepaea | ||||
| Sapivores: |
Acanthosomatidae |
Many Cicadellidae |
Many Miridae |
Several Pentatomidae |
Cixius nervosus |
Aphrophora alni | |||
| Florivores: |
Epinotia tenerana Larva |
Neolygus contaminatus | ||
| Xylophages: |
Several Curculionidae |
Agrilus angustulus Larva (Wood Borer) |
Agrilus viridis Larva (Wood Borer) | |
| Granivores: |
Sciurus vulgaris |
Several Muridae |
Meles meles |
Columba palumbus |
Parus major |
Sitta europaea |
Garrulus glandarius |
Nucifraga caryocatactes | |
Coccothraustes coccothraustes |
Cydia fagiglandana Larva |
Curculio nucum |
Several Miridae | |
Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale | ||||
| Bark Inhabitants: |
Polydesmia pruinosa | |||
| Wood Decomposers: |
Several Hymenochaetaceae |
Hyphodontia barba-jovis |
Tremella mesenterica |
Vuilleminia comedens |
Exidia glandulosa |
Skeletocutis nivea |
Hypoxylon fuscum |
Diatrypella favacea | |
Bispora antennata |
Angiosperm Generalists | |||
| Leaf Decomposers: |
Myochromella boudieri |
Adela reaumurella Larva |
Nemophora degeerella Larva |
Gnomonia gnomon |
Angiosperm Generalists | ||||
| Fruit Decomposers: |
Hymenoscyphus fructigenus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Hazel
Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009 J.K. Lindsey
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