Tree

Bark	Leaf
Male Flower	Female Flowers Fruit

Height: <20 m, Age: <80 yr
Ectomycorrhizal, Extrafloral Nectaries
Lacks Persistent Seed Bank
Dioecious, Flowering March - April (Earliest: 27.2)

Protective Chemicals
Monoterpenoids	Cineole, Limonene, Linalool, Myrcene, Ocimene, Pinene, Sabinene, Terpinene, Thujene
Sesquiterpenoids	Cadinene, Caryophyllene, Copaene, Farnesene, Humulene
Triterpenoids	Butyrospermol, Euphane, Lanostane, Lupane, Oleanolane, Ursane
Phenolics	Cinnamylrutinoside

Biotopes:	Hedge Rows	Wet Forest
Pollination:	Wind
Seed Dispersal:	Wind
Mycorrhizae:	Several Cortinariaceae	Several Hymenogastraceae	Many Inocybaceae	Several Tricholomataceae
	Clitopilus prunulus	Entoloma majaloides	Amanita vaginata	Several Boletaceae
	Paxillus involutus	Scleroderma bovista	Several Russulaceae
Parasites:	Drepanopeziza populorum	Drepanopeziza punctiformis	Erysiphe adunca	Melampsora allii-populina
	Inonotus cuticularis	Several Nepticulidae	Gypsonoma dealbana	Coleophora lusciniaepennella
	Phyllonorycter sagitella	Agromyza albitarsis	Aulagromyza populicola	Harmandiola cavernosa
	Several Rhynchitidae Larvae	Rhamphus pulicarius Larva (Leaf Miner)	Tachyerges salicis	Saperda populnea Larva (Branch Gall)
	Zeugophora scutellaris
Possible Parasites:	Several Polyporaceae	Bjerkandera fumosa	Sarcodontia spumea	Inonotus hispidus
	Caloptilia stigmatella Larva	Coleophora serratella
Herbivores:	Several Nymphalidae Larvae	Several Erebidae	Many Geometridae	Several Lasiocampidae
	Many Noctuidae	Most Notodontidae	Several Tortricidae Larvae	Catocala nupta Larva
	Diurnea fagella	Pseudoips prasinana	Tethea or Larva	Laothoe populi Larva
	Batrachedra praeangusta Larva	Many Tenthredinidae	Pamphilius sylvaticus Larva	Many Chrysomelidae
	Many Curculionidae	Saperda populnea
Possible Herbivores:	Several Erebidae	Several Geometridae	Many Tortricidae	Acronicta alni Larva
	Ochropacha duplaris	Cossus cossus	Cerura erminea	Malacosoma neustria
	Several Tenthredinidae	Trichiosoma tibiale	Several Chrysomelidae	Several Curculionidae
	Melolontha melolontha
Sapivores:	Acanthosomatidae	Several Miridae	Graphosoma lineatum	Palomena prasina
	Empoasca vitis	Ledra aurita	Centrotus cornutus
Possible Sapivores:	Several Cicadellidae	Several Miridae	Pentatoma rufipes	Pentatoma rufipes
	Aphrophora alni	Tachycixius pilosus	Pulvinaria hydrangeae	Cixius nervosus
Xylophages:	Paranthrene tabaniformis Larva	Chyliza leptogaster Larva
Possible Xylophages:	Dinoptera collaris Larva	Agrilus viridis Larva (Wood Borer)
Florivores:	Eupithecia subfuscata	Egle ciliata Larva	Dorytomus dejeani
Possible Florivores:	Xanthia togata Larva	Gypsonoma dealbana Larva	Gelechia muscosella Larva
Granivores:	Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale
Bark Inhabitants:	Physcia stellaris	Physcia tenella	Candelariella reflexa	Amandinea punctata
	Evernia prunastri	Parmelia sulcata	Lecanora carpinea	Xanthoria parietina
	Orthotrichum affine	Gnophomyia viridipennis Larva
Wood Decomposers:	Hemipholiota populnea	Pleurotus ostreatus	Pleurotus pulmonarius	Pluteus umbrosus
	Mycena tintinnabulum	Pholiota tuberculosa	Inocutis rheades	Myxarium nucleatum
	Several Polyporaceae	Bjerkandera fumosa	Sarcodontia delectans	Trypophloeus asperatus
	Ampedus pomonae Larva	Angiosperm Generalists
Leaf Decomposers:	Drepanopeziza populorum	Drepanopeziza punctiformis	Venturia populina	Angiosperm Generalists

Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora: Aspen

Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007 J.K. Lindsey

Caution

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