Tree
Bark |
Leaves |
Male Flowers |
Female Flowers |
Fruit
|
Bark |
Leaves |
|
Male Flowers |
Female Flowers |
Height: <60 m
Ectomycorrhizal
Monoecious, Flowering April - May
(Earliest: 24.4)
Origin: Western North America
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monoterpenoids | Bornyl Acetate, Camphene, Citronellol, Geraniol, Limonene,
Linalool, Myrcene, Pinene, Sabinene, Terpinolene | ||||
| Sesquiterpenoids | Cadinene | ||||
| Flavonoids | Hyperoside, Naringin, Taxifolin | ||||
| Other Phenolics | Chlorogenic Acid, Anethole, Tannins | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Spruce Forest | |||
| Pollination: | Wind | |||
| Mycorrhizae: |
Cantharellus cibarius |
Hydnum repandum |
Thelephora terrestris |
Several Amanitaceae |
Several Hydnangiaceae |
Several Hymenogastraceae |
Several Inocybaceae |
Tricholoma equestre | |
Tricholoma saponaceum |
Cortinarius cinnamomeus |
Lyophyllum decastes |
Laccaria amethystina | |
Several Boletaceae |
Paxillus involutus |
Gomphidius glutinosus |
Scleroderma citrinum | |
Many Russulaceae | ||||
| Parasites: |
Heterobasidion annosum |
Phaeolus schweinitzii |
Sparassis crispa |
Globulicium hiemale |
Armillaria ostoyae |
Coleophora laricella |
Contarinia pseudotsugae | ||
| Herbivores: |
Several Geometridae |
Lymantria monacha Larva |
Aphelia viburnana Larva |
Syndemis musculana Larva |
Acronicta rumicis Larva |
Dioryctria abietella Larva |
Several Curculionidae | ||
| Sapivores: |
Gilletteella cooleyi |
Atractotomus magnicornis |
Prociphilus pini |
Troilus luridus |
| Xylophages: |
Molorchus minor Larva (Wood Borer) |
Obrium brunneum Larva (Wood Borer) |
Pityogenes chalcographus (Wood Borer) | |
| Granivores: |
Cydia strobilella |
Eupithecia abietaria Larva |
Gastrodes abietum |
Megastigmus spermotrophus Larva |
| Bark Inhabitants: |
Hypogymnia physodes |
Vulpicida pinastri |
Cladonia coniocraea |
Lepraria incana |
Rinodina oleae |
Arthonia radiata |
Orthotrichum lyellii | ||
|
Nests: (Branches) |
Ciconia nigra | |||
| Wood Decomposers: |
Armillaria ostoyae |
Hypholoma capnoides |
Panellus mitis |
Pleurocybella porrigens |
|
Heterobasidion annosum |
Stereum sanguinolentum |
Tapinella atrotomentosa |
Pseudohydnum gelatinosum | |
Trichaptum abietinum |
Calocera viscosa |
Tubulicrinis subulatus |
Tremella encephala | |
|
Several Fomitopsidaceae |
Pezicula livida |
Several Curculionidae |
Urocerus gigas Larva | |
Gymnosperm Generalists | ||||
| Needle Decomposers: |
Hemimycena lactea |
Gymnosperm Generalists |
Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011, 2012 J.K. Lindsey
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